Control and optimization of micro-grids with electric and heat energy resources

Several drivers, usually recognized as electricity market, renewable energy sources and smartgrids are behind the concept of increasing distributed electricity generation from solar PV systems, wind turbines and CHP systems. These microsources have been installed as a consequence of government incentives aiming to secure supply of energy and to reduce the CO2 emissions by using renewable energy. If they are properly allocated in the network some of their benefits to the power system are: postponed investment in transmission and distribution capacity, losses reduction, energy savings, ancillary services, higher power quality and reliability. The better way of their utilization is to take a system approach in which views generation, storage and associated loads as a controllable subsystem. That subsystem is defined as microgrid. The paper describe mostly recognized architectures and control concepts for microgrids.